Emotional Barriers to School Attendance (EBSA)?
Emotional Barriers to School Attendance (EBSA) is a term used when a child or young person finds it difficult to attend school because they are feeling anxious, worried, overwhelmed or emotionally distressed.
Every child’s experience is different, and there can be many reasons why a child is struggling to attend school. Understanding what is causing their worries is an important first step in finding the right support.
Some children may find school attendance difficult after an illness, a school holiday, a change in routine, moving schools or friendship difficulties. Others may experience anxiety linked to learning, social situations or their emotional wellbeing.
EBSA is not simply a child refusing to attend school. Attendance difficulties are often linked to underlying emotional needs, anxiety, challenges with change, friendship issues, learning needs or concerns about being in school.
If your child is struggling to attend school, it is important to seek support early. Working together with your child’s school can help identify the barriers they are facing and put the right support in place. Early intervention can help children feel more confident, reduce anxiety and support them to engage positively with their education.
Signs Your Child May Be Experiencing EBSA
Children may show signs of EBSA in different ways, including:
- Feeling anxious or upset before school
- Frequently complaining of headaches, stomach aches or feeling unwell on school days
- Becoming distressed when talking about school
- Struggling to separate from parents or carers
- Having difficulties returning to school after holidays, illness or significant life changes
- Changes in mood, sleep patterns or behaviour
How Parents Can Help
Supporting a child experiencing EBSA can feel challenging, but there are things that can help:
- Listen to your child’s worries and acknowledge their feelings
- Work closely with your child’s school to understand their concerns
- Maintain routines where possible
- Celebrate small successes and positive steps towards attendance
- Seek support early if concerns begin to impact attendance or wellbeing
Every child is different, and strategies should be tailored to their individual needs.
Further Information and Resources
Understanding Emotional Barriers to School Attendance
Cognus Educational Psychology Service
Access guidance and resources developed by the Educational Psychology Team to help parents understand and support children experiencing EBSA.
Support Services for Education
Emotionally Based School Avoidance (EBSA) | Support Services for Education Provide information and practical guidance for parents, carers and schools supporting children and young people experiencing difficulties attending school due to emotional factors.
You can also visit our Further Resources page.
Mental health support
Government Mental Health Resources – Mental health resources for children, students, parents, carers and school/college staff.
Need More Support?
If you are concerned about your child’s attendance due to anxiety or emotional wellbeing, speak to your child’s school in the first instance. Schools can work with families to understand barriers to attendance and identify appropriate support.
You may also wish to explore other support available through Cognus, including our Inclusion and SEND services.